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Pipeline Systems (Oil and Gas)

A product pipeline is a large pipeline system that transports a given medium (e.g. gasoline or natural gas), the failure or damage to which could have a huge impact on personal safety, the environment or cause financial loss. This system includes not only pipelines, but also cathodic protection stations to provide protection against stray currents or Electrical Control Houses, which are located along the entire length of the pipeline system.

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image/svg+xml A PIPELINE SYSTEM B POWER DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARD C CONTROL SYSTEM SWITCHBOARD D CATHODIC PROTECTION SWITCHBOARD E GSM ANTENNA

Our solutions

  1. PIPELINE SYSTEM
    Hakel's separating high power gas discharge tubes are capable of handling impulse lightning currents up to 100 kA, which places them in Class H - for heavy loads. The high IP protection of their housing allows for use both indoors and outdoors. Thanks to these features, the HGS 100 series products ensure safe operation of the entire system. They are offered with different connection options using an M8 screw and a flexible lead terminated with a cable eye - HGS 100, an M8 screw on both sides - HGS 100 ST, or a round bar with a diameter of 8 mm on both sides - HGS 100 EB.

    If it is necessary to protect a piping system with explosive media or to provide protection in an explosion hazardous environment, the HGS 100 Ex must be installed. This product, approved for explosive atmospheres, reliably balances the potential thanks to its special design, which in itself does not create any risk of ignition of the medium in question. It prevents generation of sparks and minimizes the release of heat generated during discharge of lightning impulse current of highest magnitude, making it suitable for applications with gases of temperature class T6.
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  2. POWER DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARD
    We recommend installing a combined type of lightning and surge arrester T1+T2+T3 containing a gas discharge tube together with fast reacting varistors to ensure zero leakage current in the switchboard of the Electrical Control House where the power supply from the distribution system enters. Due to the importance of the building, it can be assumed that it is classified as LPL I, where it is advisable to install HLSA25G-255/3+0, a product designed for three-phase TN-C systems of 3 x 230 V / 50 Hz. If remote signalling of the surge protection status is required, a variant with a potential-free contact marked S can be used, i.e. for example HLSA25G-255/3+0 S.

    If the object with connection of power supply systems does not contain electrical installation other than servo-drives, service sockets, lights or outlets for other switchboards, there is no need to install another SPD in this switchboard.
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  3. CONTROL SYSTEM SWITCHBOARD
    It is advisable to protect the control system switchboard with a T3 type SPD so that the SPD is as close as possible to the switchboard, ideally directly in it. Due to industrial operation, we recommend a T3 type SPD with a high frequency (EMI/RFI) filter. In normal operation, the HSAF10 product with a rated current of 10 A for 230 V AC is sufficient, or another type with a higher rated current up to 32 A can be used. Again, variants with a potential-free remote signalling contact marked as S are possible. However, attention must be paid to the coordination of surge protection devices, i.e. to the distance between the individual stages, which may not be observed in cases of a small building. In this case, it is necessary to include HI decoupling inductors with the appropriate rated current, e.g. HI16, between the SPDs of type T1+T2+T3 in the power distribution switchboard and type T3 in the control system switchboard. This will ensure the correct operation of the SPD. The recommended installation is directly in the switchboard prior to HSAF10.

    In the low voltage switchboard, it is also necessary to protect both the inputs to the control PLC, which evaluates data from various sensors such as flow sensors, pressure, temperature, vapour detectors and others, but also the outputs through which data are normally sent via Ethernet to the control room. In these cases, for the correct design of surge protection devices, it is necessary to correctly determine the rated voltage of the device, the rated current, the type of data communication, its operating frequency, and the interface. In these applications, we commonly find 6 V DC or 24 V DC protectors with a rated current of 500 mA, an operating frequency of 1 MHz and data leads connected to screw terminals. A suitable type with these parameters is the HDT2/6B or HDT2/24B, which has the possibility of connecting two data pairs. They are also suitable for RS485 bus. In case of vapour detector protection, which is normally supplied with 15 V DC, we recommend the similar product HDT1/24B for one data line only. For Ethernet data distribution, we recommend the HT-NET PoE+ 6cat 802.3at.
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  4. CATHODIC PROTECTION SWITCHBOARD
    We again recommend installing SPD type T3 at the cable entry inlet from the switchboard. Due to the expected higher rated current, we recommend using a single-phase HSAF25 with a rated current of 25 A for a voltage of 230 V AC or another of this series according to specific needs. Again, options with a potential-free remote signalling contact marked as S are possible. Two lines subsequently lead from the cathodic protection source, one measuring and the other line of the cathodic protection output source. The voltage is usually in the range of up to 50 V DC (30 V DC as standard) and the rated current in the case of the output source line is several tens of amperes (20 A as standard).

    The measuring line leads to the reference electrode of the cathodic protection and to the cathode, i.e. to the pipeline. Undesired overvoltages on this line must be protected by HDTNV1/24C or HDTNV1/48C according to the required voltage of the system. Both types include coarse and fine protection and the advantage of this type is the floating design, where the line is galvanically separated from the protective earth by a gas discharge tube.

    The second line of cathodic protection (output from the power supply) leading to the anode and to the cathode should be protected with HSA-75/2+0. It is also possible to choose a version with a potential-free remote signalling contact marked as S.
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  5. GSM ANTENNA
    For the protection of the coaxial line from the GSM antenna we recommend using KO - 3GN with N connector. In case of Wi-Fi connection we recommend HT-NET PoE+ 6cat 802.3at.
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